By Suleiman Tajudeen
CITIZENS COMPASS— Drug abuse refers to the use of substances, such as narcotics, stimulants, or hallucinogens, in ways that harm an individual’s physical, mental, or social well-being. It can also be defined as a state of psychic or physical dependence or both on a drug, following administration of drug on a periodic continuous basis (WHO, 2018). Generally, drugs constitute the use of any substance under international control outside therapeutic indication in excess dose or over an unjustified period of time.
Historical perspective
The history of drug abuse in Nigeria was dated back to the colonial era with the introduction of substances like cannabis and opioids was highly reported during this era.
Drug abuse has posed a concern in Nigeria since the 1970s, with the rise of cannabis use among youths. Over time, the challenges have escalated, involving harder substances like cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines.
The 1980s saw a significant increase in drug abuse, particularly among urban youths.
Economic challenges, unemployment, and social instability contributed to the growth of drug abuse.
In Nigeria, the government has implemented policies to address drug abuse, with varying degrees of success.
International organizations and NGOs have also been involved in efforts to combat drug abuse.
Despite these efforts, drug abuse remains a significant issue in Nigeria.
The challenges are often linked to broader social and economic factors, such as poverty and inequality.
Cultural and societal factors, like peer pressure and social norms, also play a role.
Addressing drug abuse requires a comprehensive understanding of these complex factors.
Prevalence of drug abuse
Drug abuse is a significant issue among Nigerian youths, with estimates suggesting that millions of young people are involved in substance use.
The problem is more prevalent in urban areas, with students being particularly vulnerable.
Cannabis is one of the most widely used substances among Nigerian youths.
Other commonly abused substances include stimulants, opioids, and benzodiazepines.
The prevalence of drug abuse varies across different regions and communities.
Factors like poverty, unemployment, and social instability contribute to the problem.
Peer pressure, social norms, and cultural factors also play a significant role.
Drug abuse is often linked to other social and health issues, like crime and mental health problems.
The problem has significant economic and social implications for Nigerian society.
Addressing drug abuse requires a comprehensive understanding of its prevalence and contributing factors.
Commonly abused drugs among Nigerian youths
Cannabis (Marijuana): A widely used substance, often seen as a gateway drug.
Stimulants (e.g., Cocaine, Amphetamines): Used for energy and alertness.
Opioids (e.g., Heroin, Tramadol): Often abused for their euphoric effects.
Benzodiazepines: Prescription medications used for anxiety and sleep disorders.
Codeine-based cough syrups: Abused for their psychoactive effects.
Ecstasy (MDMA): A synthetic substance often used in social settings.
Methamphetamine: A highly addictive stimulant with significant risks.
Inhalants (e.g., Glue, Paint Thinner): Abused for their intoxicating effects.
Prescription medications (e.g., Ritalin, Adderall): Often misused for academic or recreational purposes.
Alcohol: A widely used substance, often abused by Nigerian youths.
Symptoms of drug abuse
Behavioral changes: Mood swings, irritability, and aggression.
Physical signs: Bloodshot eyes, slurred speech, and poor coordination.
Social withdrawal: Isolation from friends and family.
Academic decline: Decreased performance and interest in studies.
Finance: Increased spending on substances.
Changes in appetite and sleep patterns: Affected eating and sleeping habits.
Increased secrecy: Hiding substance use or activities.
Neglect of responsibilities: Ignoring duties and obligations.
Unusual odors or stains: Presence of substance-related smells or marks.
Changes in personal grooming: Deterioration in appearance and hygiene.
Major causes…
To be continued…
Dr Suleiman Tajudeen is Director, Clinical Psychology, LUTH (Retired) & CEO/Director of Clinical Psychology, Clear Mind Psychological Consult, Km 15, Badagry Expressway, Ojo, Lagos State. +234 803 402 4457
