By Suleiman Tajudeen
CITIZENS COMPASS— Heavy bags are a significant global concern for students especially in secondary school posing serious health risks. The weight of these bags can lead to musculoskeletal problems, including back, neck, and shoulder pain, due to the strain on the spine and muscles.
The prevalence of carrying heavy bags among students is a significant concern globally and in Nigeria.
Globally, the problem is similar, with students carrying bags weighing up to 15% of their body weight, leading to postural changes, fatigue, and increased risk of injury. Girls are particularly vulnerable, reporting higher levels of back pain and discomfort.
Approximately 61-71% of students carry schoolbags exceeding 10% of their body weight, with some studies reporting up to 85% of students carrying heavy bags.
A study found that 18% of students carried backpacks weighing over 15% of their body weight.
In Nigeria, studies have shown that students carrying heavy bags experience a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, with 50% reporting low back pain, 40.3% neck pain, and 35.8% shoulder pain. The weight of the bags, often exceeding 10% of the student’s body weight, contributes to these issues.
The average backpack weight carried by Nigerian students is around 2.49 kg, with females reporting more musculoskeletal symptoms (60.5%) than males (45.2%).
Shoulder pain is the most prevalent musculoskeletal issue, affecting 45.8% of students.
Reasons for carrying heavy bags Academic requirements: Students carry heavy bags due to the need for multiple textbooks, notebooks, and other educational materials.
Lack of lockers or storage: Inadequate storage facilities in schools force students to carry all their belongings.
Poor time management: Students may carry unnecessary items due to poor planning or procrastination.
Extracurricular activities: Participation in sports or clubs may require additional gear.
Limited access to digital resources: Students without access to digital devices or the internet may rely on physical materials.
Teacher requirements: Teachers may require students to carry specific textbooks or materials.
Lack of awareness: Students and parents may not be aware of the risks associated with heavy bags.
Socio-economic factors: Students from low-income families may not have access to digital resources or ergonomic bags.
School policies: Schools may not have policies in place to address bag weight or provide storage facilities.
Parental pressure: Parents may pressure students to carry all necessary materials to ensure academic success.
Effects
Musculoskeletal problems: Back, neck, and shoulder pain, scoliosis, and lordosis.
Postural changes: Altered gait, forward lean, and spinal deformities.
Fatigue and discomfort: Reduced physical activity and academic performance.
Respiratory issues: Restricted breathing and decreased lung function.
Increased risk of injury: Heavy bags can lead to accidents or injuries.
Reduced participation in activities: Students may avoid activities due to discomfort or pain.
Impact on mental health: Chronic pain and discomfort can lead to anxiety and depression.
Poor concentration: Discomfort and pain can affect focus and concentration.
Reduced physical activity: Students may avoid physical activity due to discomfort or pain.
Long-term health consequences: Untreated musculoskeletal problems can lead to chronic conditions.
Prevention strategies
To be continued…
For questions and medical consultations, contact:
Dr Suleiman Tajudeen, CEO and Director of Clinical Psychology, Clear Mind Psychological Consult, Km 15, Badagry Expressway, Ojo, Lagos. +234 803 402 4457
